Nominal and ordinal data can be either string (alphanumeric) or numeric. μήκος, βάρος, περιεκτικότητα, χρόνος κτλ. An example of ordinal scale data is a list of the top five national parks in the. In the dialog box above, the yellow bars at an angel are scales and indicate that variable is a scale variable. Alternativet ”Scale” motsvarar intervallskala. It is quite common to add Likert items, even though this (as both WHuber and Sal have noted) requires that we are treating them as interval data. Analyze>Scale>Graded Response Model: STATS GRM: Fit graded response models to ordinal data. NOMINAL. In J. That said, the distinction between ordinal and interval is based on the specific demands of the analysis being performed. Some people may favor Apple but that is a matter of opinion. These are the columns of the spreadsheet when using "Data View", and each one will contain data that is all the same format. Escala ordinal nominal de SPSS. iv Oran ölçekli. Two eta values are computed. Interval scale offers labels, order, as well as, a specific interval between each of its variable options. Nominal and ordinal data can be either string (alphanumeric) or numeric. An example of ordinal scale data is a list of the top five national parks in the. Ordinal. Bar charts and pie charts are most frequently used for nominal and ordinal variables. The level is partially determined by the nature of your variables. ) *1. nominal scale 2. e. Chi-Square Test of Independence. 1. The part about coding is off topic here, but it looks like this is a method to reverse code the items, so that 1 becomes 5, 2 becomes 4 etc. ) is not much more than some rescaled version of some difference of means between the two groups defined by the binary variable. Ordinal data is a kind of categorical data with a set order or scale to it. Similarities Between Nominal and Ordinal Variable. information they carry. For example, a variable “Group” may have levels “1” and “2”. χ. , nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio) provides a different type of information. In statistics, there are four data measurement scales: nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio. Variables with numeric responses are assigned the scale variable label by. Nominal ordinal scale, ölçek çeşitlerini ifade eder. SPSS offers three large blocks of distance measures for interval (scale), counts (ordinal), and binary (nominal) data. Sorted by: 1. of letters to represent nominal scale variables, but the numbers should not be treated as ordinal, interval, or ratio scale variables. You should now see the following dialogue box. A movie was given a rating of 4 stars on a scale of 5 stars. It makes an implicit assumption (that the category intervals are equispaced), but in practice it's done when there's no particular. Each level of measurement scale has specific properties that determine the various use of statistical analysis. In this article, we will learn four types of scales such as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio scale. SPSSでは、測定のレベルをスケール（区間または比率スケール上の数値データ）、序数、または名義として指定することができます。 名目および序数データは、文字列の英数字または数値のいずれかを指定する。. Since your measurement scales are nominal and ordinal you could not apply the parametric test like Pearson product Moment Correlation. Measurement refers to the assignment of numbers in a meaningful way, and understanding measurement. Interval scales give us the order of values + the ability to quantify the difference between each one. 2. Skala ordinal merupakan skala pengukuran yang sudah menyatakan peringkat antar tingkatan. Simply leave the cell blank, and SPSS will recognize it as system-missing. S. One value is really not any greater than another. SPSS - assign a value to a macro argument by manipulating another. The Values column. 3. However, the scale is simply used to put the variables into ranks and not examine the degree of difference between the variables. On the other hand, ordinal scales provide a higher amount of detail. Each type has its own. SPSS uses three terms ( nominal, ordinal, and scale) for the levels or types of measurement. This introduction concentrates on using SPSS for the exploratory phase of data analysis, then briefly discusses some commonly used statistical techniques, as follows: Page . Thang đo thứ bậc cũng dùng các con số danh nghĩa nhưng chúng được sắp xếp theo các thứ bậc hơi kém. Medida Ordinal — IBM SPSS. Often, you will treat dates as ordinal, e. , the number found exactly in the middle of the distribution) is a measure of central tendency: very roughly speaking, it shows what the ‘average’ respondent might think, or the ‘likeliest’ response,. For example, the results of a test could be each classified nominally as a "pass" or "fail. Tuy nhiên để quy về bản chất có 4 loại như sau: Nhóm MBA Bách Khoa sẽ giải thích chi tiết từng loại thang đo nhé. Nominal and serial data can be either string alphanumeric other. When target variable is "binary or ordinal" in nature, you should use logistic regression analysis. 1. Often likert-type rating data are assumed to be scale-level, because such data are easier to analyze. An ordinal variable is a discrete variable having an order associated with its levels. To calculate summary statistics for each variable, click the Analyze tab, then Descriptive Statistics, then Descriptives: In the new window that pops up, drag each of the four variables into the box labelled Variable (s). SPSS uses the term 'Scale' to refer to: a. Is the likert scale ordinal, nominal, discrete or continuous (ratio)?. For example, ordinal data is said to have been collected when a responder inputs his/her financial happiness level on a scale of 1-10. But note that some newer SPSS procedures do make use of the scaling info. Nominal scale is a naming scale, where variables are simply “named” or labeled, with no specific order . dreamstime. In contrast. 3. The trouble is that Likert scales are really in-between ordinal and interval. Stevens described measures as falling into one of four categories – nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio. ); or (b) one continuous or ordinal variable and two nominal or ordinal variables and want to. Introduction and Aims . numeric, string; how many characters. ordinal scale 4. Analyze>Descriptive Statistics>Two-Variable or Group Q-Q Plot: SPSSINC QQPLOT2:. SPSS Missing Values Syntax Examples. The Scale of measurement refers to the measurement scales that can be used for measuring any socio or psychometric property or any variable that we are studying. Terdapat 3 tipe variabel pada kolom measure SPSS yaitu scale, nominal dan ordinal. 21 Correlation between two ordinal variables with a small number of ordinal categories (< 5), as in quality of life questionnaire items, is a special case. 1c: Center and dispersion for an ordinal variable. The first one is a Categorical scale of measurement, and the second one is a Continuous scale. Ordinal. , I was watching this video by James Gaskin (a great YouTube teacher by the way. The basic assumptions in Parametric tests like correlation, regression, factor. 1. 1. . There are plenty of articles that recommend treating ordinal variables in a factor analysis by default as ordinal and not. A simple bar chart is helpful in graphically describing (visualizing) your data. A variable can be treated as nominal when its values represent categories with no intrinsic ranking (for example, the department of the company in. Level of measurement or scale of measure is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. Nominal Ordinal Scale Interval Ratio 11 12. In SPSS, you can specify the level of measurement as scale (numeric data on an interval or ratio scale), ordinal, or nominal. Kendall's tau-b (τ b) correlation coefficient (Kendall's tau-b, for short) is a nonparametric measure of the strength and direction of association that exists between two variables measured on at least an ordinal scale. In order to enter data using SPSS, you need to have some variables. Nominal. SPSS gives you three choices for levels of measurement: Nominal, Ordinal, and scale. categorical), ordinal (i. How to find Correlation between a Nominal variable and Scale variable using SPSS? Eta Correlation In this video I have discussed How to do Eta correlation a. , Likert scale) are non-parametric tests, such as Mann-Whitney U test (one variable, no assumption on distribution), Wilcoxon signed rank. The ordinal scale data can be ordered. Note that frequency distributio. e. The simplest measurement scale we can use to label variables is a nominal scale. Advanced Statistical Analysis. Role: Ignore this. Both nominal and ordinal level data. In SPSS while filling. If a variable holds precisely 2 values in your data but possibly more in the real world, it's unnaturally dichotomous. This link will get you back to the first part of the series. Ordinal variables are categorical variables with an inherent order. Ordinal. Ordinal If the data have a meaningful order or rank then the variable is ordinal. All of these choices. , whether the variables are independent or related). Tùy theo tính chất của dữ liệu mà ta sẽ gán loại thang đo. 37 answers. Nominal, ordinal and scale is a way to label data for analysis. , frequencies) of the categories of a nominal or ordinal variable, as well as illustrating the mean score of a continuous variable for the categories of a nominal or ordinal variable. Go to the data view screen & enter the actual data. Nominal scale data cannot be used in calculations. Nominal, ordinal and scale is a way to label data for analysis. A well-known example is the Rasch model, which extends the idea of the. a. Developed in 1932 by Rensis Likert 1 to measure attitudes, the typical Likert scale is a 5- or 7-point ordinal scale used by respondents to rate the degree to which they agree or disagree with a statement ( table ). interval scaleSome people may favor Apple but that is a matter of opinion. 2. This video shows with an illustration or example different levels of data measurement in SPSS which are: Nominal, Ordinal and Scale Measurement)How to correlate ordinal and nominal variables in SPSS? Ask Question Asked 11 years, 8 months ago Modified 5 years, 9 months ago Viewed 124k times 7 I have imported an. Ratio: exactly the same as the interval scale except that the zero on the scale means: does not exist. Berikut langkah-langkahnya, Contoh: Misalkan dalam suatu kuesioner terdapat 3 pertanyaan terkait identitas responden,For example, you may want to change a continuous variable into an ordinal categorical variable, or you may want to merge the categories of a nominal variable. This tutorial is the third in a series of four. 1. Select scale if your values are numerical, where each. Individual Likert-type questions are generally considered ordinal data, because the items have clear rank order, but don’t have an even distribution. Nominal, ordinal and scale is a way to label data for analysis. Essentially, a scale variable is a measurement variable — a. Commonly used pain scores are the visual analogue scale (VAS), numerical rating scale (NRS) and verbal rating scale (VRS). One common variable type is the nominal variable. Thang đo định danh (Nominal scale) trong SPSS. A variable can be treated as nominal when its values represent categories with no intrinsic ranking; for example, the department of the company in which an employee works. The SPSS Categories Module has a procedure called CATPCA which is designed for principal component analysis of categorical variables. In order to choose which type of chart or graph to use you must first decide the level of measurement, i. Examples: grade in school, position in race, rating scales. If you use the SPSS you got to crosstabs and enter test in one of the columns an retest in the other. You will see that the Linear-by-Linear Association measure = 5. Asked 26th Mar, 2020;Nominal scales provide the least amount of detail. *2. @DennisHunink: "nominal" or "ordinal" are meaningless with regard to dichtomous variables. , a 7-point scale from "strongly agree" through to "strongly disagree"), amongst other ways of ranking categories (e. Nominal and ordinal data can be either string (alphanumeric) or numeric. Nominal scale is used to name variables and Ordinal scale provides information about the order of the variables. Association for Nominal and Ordinal Variables T he most basic type of cross-tabulation (crosstabs) is used to analyze relationships between two variables. It may vary. When working with data in SPSS, it is important to understand the different types of variables that can be used. Upload. One aim in the construction of a Likert scale is that the "distance" between. ) among categories. 0 to perform binomial tests, Chi-squared test with one variable, and Chi-squared test of independence of. Berikut ini pasangan, nama - nominal, jns_kelamin - scale, tkt_pendidikan - scale, penjualan_smt1 - scale, penjualan_smt2 - scale dan area - scale. Such an. Ordinal scales provide good information about the order of choices, such as in a customer satisfaction survey. Ratio scale has most of the characteristics of the other three variable measurement scale i. Interval Scale. Association between two variables measured in the nominal scale (categorical variables) can be described by a two-way frequency distribution, which is a two-dimensional table showing the frequencies of combinations of the values of the two variables. Data Transform, Nominal Scale, Ordinal Scale, Interval Scale, SPSS. Nominal data differs from ordinal data because it cannot be ranked in. I agree with Bruce; the answer does not depend on the specification (nominal, ordinal or scale. The four levels of measurement displayed in a table: Nominal, ordinal, interval. This is also the reason why nominal variables can be used in regression after dummy coding them: the resulting dichotomous variables. SPSS protesterar inte om du använder en nominalskala som beroende variabel i en regressionsanalys. The simple flowchart below shows how to classify a variable. A physical example of a nominal scale is the terms we use for colours. Nominal – Ordinal – Scale [<br>] 57. For example: Placing cats into breed type. Nominal: Categorical data and numbers that are simply used as identifiers or names represent a nominal scale of measurement. Survey questions that have answer scales like “strongly disagree,” “disagree,” “neutral,” “agree,” “strongly agree” are collecting ordinal data. Appropriate Calculations for Ordinal Scales. An ordinal scale variable is one in which there is a natural, meaningful way to order the different possibilities, but you can’t do anything else. The Compare Means procedure is useful when you want to summarize and compare differences in descriptive statistics across one or more factors, or categorical variables. However, The environmental data consist of a mix of continuous, integer, ordinal, and nominal variables. E Role: Displays the role for the selected variable. Various procedures like hypothesis testing, require that your data is collected with specific measurement levels. In an ordinal scale, responses can be rated or ranked, but the distance between responses is not measurable. Question: Second Question (7 Points) (1) For each of the following variables, indicate the SPSS Statistics level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, scale). Role. We found out that the nominal variable has an effect/influence on the ordinal. Chi-square test. And the decision is sometimes warranted statistically, especially when the number of ordered categories is greater than 5 or 6. Nominal data assigns names to each data point without placing it in some sort of order. Input the data into SPSS ! Create 2 variables: Gender and DeliveryMethod ! Assign values !IBM SPSS Statistics (“Statistical Package for the Social Sciences”) is a software used for the statistical analysis, data management, and data documentation. Chi square for association if few ordinal categories 1 ordinal. Correlation is a statistical measure of the relationship between two variables, X and Y. nominal variables; ordinal variables; interval variables; ratio variables. The basic specification is a variable name, followed by a measurement level enclosed in parentheses. Select Segment my contacts into clusters. Nominal scale is a naming scale, where variables are simply “named” or labeled, with no specific order . The interval level of measurement allows for the degree of difference between items but no the ratio between them. Scale variables are most frequently represented by line charts and. This explains the comment that "The most natural measure of association / correlation between a. This topic is usually discussed in the context of academic teaching and less often in the “real world. In the field of pain research, the most frequently used pain assessment scale is the ordinal scale, which would include the visual analogue scale (VAS). An example of ordinal scale data is a list of the top five national parks in the. , a 3-pont scale explaining how much a customer liked a product, ranging from. Identify significant relationships between variables. Ordinal scale has all its variables in a specific order, beyond just naming them. The Values column. Tuy nhiên để quy về bản chất có 4 loại như sau: Nhóm MBA Bách Khoa sẽ giải thích chi tiết từng loại thang đo nhé. Chúng ta sẽ bắt đầu với loại thang đo đơn giản nhất từ 4 loại thang đo trong SPSS đó là thang đo định danh. Data dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian, yaitu nominal, ordinal, interval, dan rasio. VARIABLE LEVEL M1 (ORDINAL) /PARTY (NOMINAL) / AGE (SCALE). exploRations. This is. There are a number of other ways to approach the problem of ordinal variables in a contingency table. These four measuring scales were created by Stanley Smith Stevens in 1946. We saw however it is not that one location gave the teacher only ‘fully agrees’, and the other only ‘fully disagrees’. Understanding the difference between nominal and ordinal data has many influences such as: it influences the way in which you can analyze your data or which market analysis methods to perform. e. The typical situation of using correlation analysis is when both X and Y are continuous variables or scales in SPSS sense (either interval or ratio data ). Scale of Measurement. Scale is typically known as interval & ratio. One way. The differences between the levels of measurement and how to associate a le. Examples of ordinal variables include Likert scales (e. I believe I have this correct, but wanted to double-check. Nominal vs. To do linear regression analysis, the data type. nominal or ordinal, distribution of data and number of groups for comparison (reproduced after permission from the Editor in Chief of the Korean Journal of Pain and is from the published paper by Tae Kyun Kim: Kim 2017) Here are the three parameters this macro takes: Var=Zip_Codes: tells it what variable is the haystack it should search. This video explains the basic difference among the #Nominal, #Ordinal, and #Scale measurements while filling the data in an #SPSS file. 1. The levels of measurement indicate how precisely data is recorded. presidents were inaugurated. Will also need to check for normality of variance and normality of data. Pie chart shows the size of different categories, but it more clearly brings out the sizeI am working with ordinal data (produced from Likert-types scales). A clustered bar chart can be used when you have either: (a) two nominal or ordinal variables and want to illustrate the differences in the categories of these two variables based on some statistic (e. ) By the way, the statistical software program SPSS uses only three categories: nominal, ordinal, and “scale” where scale includes interval and ratio level variables. To identify whether a scale is interval or ordinal, consider whether it uses values with fixed measurement units, where the distances between any two points are of known size. e. This video describes the levels of measurement in SPSS (nominal, ordinal, scale). Stem=zips: tells the macro what to begin the name of each new variable. 2. ) is not much more than some rescaled version of some difference of means between the two groups defined by the binary variable. Types of Scale of measurement. In the field of pain research, the most frequently used pain assessment scale is the ordinal scale, which would include the visual analogue scale (VAS). Scale of Measurement: Scale of measurement is also called Level of measurement, which is a hierarchy of classification that defines the nature of data within the information or values given to any variable. Ordinal scale Interval scale Ratio scale. in our survey, these would be the respondents) are sorted into a set of categories which are qualitatively different from each other. 2008, 2012, 2016, amounts of money spent on a medical checkup and more. Untuk variabel ini kita memilih scale karena datanya bersifat rasio. e. . 757, which is the same as the chi-square that we calculated using (N - 1)r 2. SPSS measurement levels are limited to nominal (i. But it has other problems: "I mostly do" and. Submit Search. 5! Restrictions (contʼd) ! Second, parametric tests are much more flexible, and. Nominal – Ordinal – Ratio C. b. Example: A list of the top five national parks in the United States. The key feature of ordinal data is that. For example, age from 0 – 120 would be scale, but if I categorize the ages into groups of 0-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, etc. This will show a preview of the values of the variable in the Sample Values box, so that you can select the correct pattern. In scientific research, a variable is anything that can take on different values across your data set (e. Ordinal scale. Basic Specification. Ordinal scales provide a sufficiently good amount of information about the order of choices, such as one would be able to understand from using a. 00 to 1. June 28, 2022 This tutorial provides definitions and examples for the 3 SPSS measures, including nominal, ordinal, and scale. For SPSS versions 23 and earlier, we'll inspect our variable view and use the following rule: if Type says “String”, you're dealing with a string variable; if Type does not say “String”, you're dealing with a numeric variable. A variable that is measured on a nominal . In the Variables box, select variable enrolldate. I understand the confusion in my question, I was asking what type of measure would this variable be considered within SPSS. These scores are considered to have directionality and even spacing between them. Sep 6 2019. I believe I have this correct, but wanted to double-check. Sorted by: 1. The environmental variables vary greatly in scale, so I'd like to standardize each by calculating standard z-scores (mean=0, SD=1) for each variable. 9). Example: a Persian is a breed of cat. Based on the information provided, a Spearman's rank-order correlation. e nominal, ordinal and interval. What are nominal ordinal and scale in IBM SPSS Statistics? Three levels of measurement explained. Analysis of correlations that involve at least one variable with ordinal data should be conducted using the Spearman’s rho (ρ) or Kendall’s tau-b coefficients. There are 4 levels of measurement:. Measure adalah sebutan tipe variabel yang terdapat pada SPSS. Measurement scale, in statistical analysis, the type of information provided by numbers. When distance between categories isn’t equal (Can be rank order). Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. 0 Others 57. c. Nominal scale data are not ordered. Nominal (set) and ordinal (ordered set) measurement levels indicate that the data values are used discretely as a member of the set. g. Terdapat 3 tipe variabel pada SPSS yaitu scale, nominal, dan ordinal. The nominal, ordinal, interval & ratio levels of measurement are scales that allow us to measure and classify gathered data in well-defined variables to be used for different. SPSS measurement levels are limited to nominal (i. interval censored and possibly 0-truncated (you should clarify what's going on with 0). Nominal. $egingroup$ @ttnphns This is done all the time is areas like psychological research (but much more widely than that); that's after all exactly what a Likert scale is - a sum of items from ordinal items to produce a composite scale. In this case there will be many more levels of the nominal variable (50 in fact). Ordinal 2. Nominal scale data cannot be used in calculations. Untuk data kuantitatif atau numeric, SPSS menyediakan 3 pilihan yakni nominal, ordinal dan scale. Stevens (1946) classified variables based on which basic operations can be performed on them, and created four so-called measurement levels: nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio. Nominal data have magnitude. Missing values. ordinal alpha, which was introduced byExamples of ordinal variables include Likert items (e. The first level of measurement is nominal. All nominal variables are dichotomous. A pain rating scale that goes from no pain, mild pain, moderate pain, severe. In SPSS, you can specify the level of measurement as scale (numeric data on an interval or ratio scale), ordinal, or nominal. The interval scale is quantitative in the sense that it can quantify the difference between values. Specifying 4 and 5 as missing values for "married". The level of this measurement is a) interval b) nominal c) ordinal ratio; The scale of measurement that has an inherent zero value defined is the (select one): 1. Yes, you are correct except, I combine via the "mean". Ketiga tipe variabel tersebut memberikan jenis nilai serta informasi analisis yang berbeda. This video shows the steps of analyzing the descriptive statistics of nominal and ordinal data, and how to show the results in pie charts. SPSS will not stop you from using a continuous variable as a splitting variable, but it is a bad idea to try to attempt this; SPSS will see each unique numeric value as a distinct category. Ordinal data have order, but the intervals between scale points may be uneven. Nominal. Nominal - levels of the variable are identifiers only. Group of answer choices Rankings of Students' Heights Preferred brand of fast food Driving. 7 answers. e. Data dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian, yaitu nominal, ordinal, interval, dan rasio. In SPSS, you can specify the level of measurement as scale (numeric data on an interval or ratio scale), ordinal, or nominal. Nominal: None. e. Frequently, variables (i. In this video, IBM. Define your variables. The ordinal scale does not assume that the distances from 0 to 1 and 1 to 2 (and so on) are equal. In theory, for Pearson correlation method, the two variables should be either interval or ratio scale. In SPSS, you can specify the level of measurement as scale (numeric data on an interval or ratio scale), ordinal, or nominal. . The Theory Of Scale Types Stevens (1946, 1951) proposed that measurements can be classified into four different types of scales. e. Similarities Between Nominal and Ordinal Variable. Nominal and ordinal data can be either string (alphanumeric) or numeric. Di dalam SPSS, interval dan rasio digabung menjadi Scale. ” This will instruct SPSS to add lambda to the things it will present in the output. There are four basic levels: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. Scale: Numeric variables that have equal intervals between each value, for example age. There used to. Each type has its own unique characteristics and measurement scales, which determine the appropriate statistical tests and analyses to be used. Identify significant relationships between variables. SPSS uses the term 'Scale' to refer to:Nominal Scale. Numbers on the back of a baseball jersey (St. The simple flowchart below shows how to classify a variable. The part about coding is off topic here, but it looks like this is a method to reverse code the items, so that 1 becomes 5, 2 becomes 4 etc. For example, severity of disease is an ordinal variable because the “moderate” level represents a some-what more severe disease state than the “mild” level, and the “severe” level. These levels are nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. Psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens developed the best-known classification with four levels, or scales, of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. 1. Nominal data are categorical. e. The measurement level. All Answers (7) One way to transform ordinal level data into interval scale is to use some kind of Item Responsemodel. En SPSS, es importante elegir el nivel de medición adecuado para cada variable. For example, a weight of zero doesn’t exist; an age of zero doesn’t exist. I will combine interval and ratio into one category called scale (which is something SPSS also does). Get information about R workspace contents and create SPSS datasets. There is a meaningful difference between values, for example, 10 degrees Fahrenheit and 15 degrees is 5, and the difference between 50 and 55 degrees is also 5 degrees. The likert scale of measurement is ordinal lying in an interval. Thang đo tỷ lệ – Ratio; 5. The storage types for a set can be. An ordinal scale variable is one in which there is a natural, meaningful way to order the different possibilities, but you can’t do anything else. To define your variables, double-click a column heading "Data View" A menu will appear, allowing you to define the variable. This is what distinguishes ordinal from nominal scales. Data in categories (nominal, ordinal) Data in categories (nominal, ordinal) What kind of display do you want? Tables and numbers. For interval data, the most common is Square Euclidian Distance . In scientific research, a variable is anything that can take on different values across your data set (e. Nominal (set) and ordinal (ordered set) measurement levels indicate that thedata values are used discretely as a member of the set. Nominal For nominal data (no intrinsic order, such as Catholic, Protestant,. Springer, New York. Nominal . The difference between the two is that there is a clear ordering of the categories. SPSS gives you three choices for levels of measurement: Nominal, Ordinal, and scale. Thang đo Thứ bậc – Ordinal; 3. 名目尺度 SPSS. . Chi square for association; Fisher's Exact test; 2 ordinal variables. If you have the Categories module installed, you will find the CATPCA procedure in the menu system at.